grubs biological learning its comprehensive prevention

Soil insect grubs biological learning its comprehensive prevention and control measures

Grubs is a Coleoptera project chafers, Branch larvae general term. The chafers their feeding habits can be divided into phytophagous, the dung feeding habits, saprophagous three categories. Herbivorous species and Rutelidae Melolonthidae some species, the occurrence of the heaviest widespread damage.Host phytophagous white grubs mostly Diet miscellaneous dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous food crops can often damage the same kind of grubs, a variety of vegetables, oilseeds, taro, cotton, forage, as well as flowers and fruit, forestry sowed the seeds and seedlings.The damage characteristics larvae lifelong inhabit soil, eating just sowed the seed, root, roots, tubers, and seedlings, causing Seedlings Deficiency off ridge. Adult eating harm fruit trees, trees, leaves and flower. Is a widely distributed, re-infestation of pests.The morphological characteristics of the body mast bend near the C-shaped body is mostly white, some yellow white grubs. Body wall is softer, more wrinkled. Surface sparsely fuzz. The head is large and round, brown, or reddish-brown, Health symmetrical setae, often minute feature. Three pairs of thoracic feet, general hind longer. The important feature of the abdomen 10, 10 known as the hip section on Health bristle, the number and arrangement is also minutes.Living habits grubs years old algebra species varies from place to place. This is a class of long insect life history, generally a year generation, or 2-3 years a generation, elderly 5-6 years a generation. Big black Melolonthidae two years, a generation the the Diablo Melolonthidae, patina beetle year generation of Xiaoyun spot Melolonthidae Qinghai four years a generation big chestnut Melolonthidae in the Ganzi region need 5-6 years generation. Of third instar grubs. The shorter 1,2 instar, 3rd instar longest. Lifetime habitat adobe grubs, and its activities are mainly related to the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the temperature and humidity. Year activities of the optimal average soil temperature of 13-18 ℃, higher than 23 ° C, that is gradually transferred to the deep soil, soil temperature to fall down to the appropriate range of its activities, and then moved to the topsoil. Grubs damage orchard nursery, seedlings and other crops is heaviest in spring and autumn.Prevention and control measures(1) Biological ControlGrubs few natural enemies can sometimes be large parasitic wasp parasites, sometimes the disease can reduce their number. The survey found that bacteria several species of the genus Bacillus can be infected grubs, this disease is usually referred to as "milk disease", for some types of grubs specific insecticidal activity, such as the June Melolonthidae. "Milk sickness" pest packaging treatment, used as a commodity to combat the beetle larvae. A treatment available Bacillus bacteria grasses, grubs and other larvae after planting. Warm-blooded animals such as moles, skunks, and some birds the grubs hazards have a restraining effect, but the losses caused by the damage caused on the lawn grubs.(2) manual controlCapture can be used to reduce or inhibit the populations of adult or larvae of beetles. The best method of capture is to capture the different gender or pheromone adults in addition to food trap as bait. Can also be directly with the sex pheromone trapping. These capture method has been market-oriented, and is used to reduce the number of beetles and ultimately reduce their spawning and grubs hatch. These capture method purposes the Zhongxia Cheng worm appears.(3) chemical controlThe grubs chemical control strategies include: lawn destruction before the advent of the use of preventive measures.A. Seed treatment: early prevention and treatment in 1970 grubs chemicals are still in force. Water-insoluble, and a broad spectrum of organic phosphorus.① 25% the microcapsules release agent parathion (1605), the main control grubs, mole crickets; wireworms and to rid of the seedling stage vermin.② 50% phoxim main control grubs, mole crickets, wireworms.③ 25% phoxim microencapsulated sustained release agent, the main control grubs, mole crickets, wireworms.④ 20% or 40% the methyl isofenphos EC, the main control grubs, mole crickets, wireworms and to rid the seedling stage pest.B. Soil Treatment: sowing and grubs hazards between longer duration, should be considered for soil treatment (ie applicator toxic soil), the soil treatment dosages roughly as follows:① the phoxim toxic soil, control grubs. Per hectare with 50% phoxim EC or 25% oct sulfur instantaneous microencapsulation sustained-release sentence 1.5kg watered 22.5ks, mixed with fine soil or sand 225kg applicator after plowing.(2) parathion toxic soil, the main control grubs also to rid of mole crickets, wireworms. The EC, the microcapsules release agent formulated toxic soil ① The same way.(3) the methyl isofenphos toxic soil, the main control grubs also to rid of mole crickets, of wireworms and seedling pests. The same way as ①.④ phorate granules (3911), the main control grubs, also Kaneharu the other soil pests and seedling pests. The same way as ①. The irrigation facilities phoxim toxic soil grubs hazards or with phoxim toxic water, the victim grass near IRRIGATING.